东天山博格达裂谷发现大规模层间水力断裂系统   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

汪劲草  王建业  王正云  耿文辉  肖龙 《地球科学进展》1998,13(4):403-406

层间水力断裂是沉积盆地深处与大规模流体活动有关的断层,目前的地球物理方法及深源钻探取样已经证实活动水力断裂广布于中、新生代沉积盆地中。已褶皱成山的晚古生代裂谷盆地中发育的大规模层间水压碎屑岩是过去沉积盆地发育过程中大规模流体相带及其水力压裂作用的地质遗迹。研究了水压碎屑岩的地质特征、形成地质条件及构造—流体动力作用成岩模式。认为研究水力断裂对认识上地壳层圈拆离、推覆构造、流体输导、多位成矿、油气运移、慢震活动及常规地震发生等问题有极重要的地质意义。  相似文献   

Grain-size distribution characteristics and sedimentary environment of Silurian- -Devonian sandstone in Keping area of Xinjiang Province     

YAN Kun  MA Wei  LIU Xiaodan  LI Na 《中国地质调查》2014,7(4):76-84

In order to systematically study the evolution characteristics of Silurian- -Devonian sedimentary environment in Keping area, the authors analyzed the sandstone in detail through sedimentary, stratigraphic and grain size analysis. Four sedimentary environments, including river-controlled delta, tidal-controlled delta, tidal flat and coast, were identified, with their own unique grain-size characteristics and probability cumulative curves. River-controlled delta is featured with typical two stages, hop-suspension transition and low-skew multistage. Fan delta is featured with the upper arch arc. Tidal-controlled delta is featured with typical three stages and multistage. Coastal area is feotured with high oblique two stages and high oblique multistage. The sedimentary environment gradually changed from wet river-controlled delta to dry coastal deposit from Silurian to Devonian, with the increasing maturity of sandstone. This indicates that Keping area was gradually away from provenance area and in the background of structural stability.  相似文献   

皖南南华系上溪群羊栈岭组中段细碎屑岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

程成  李双应  王松  彭亮  芦艳琳  黄家龙 《地质科学》2014,(2):651-667

皖南地区前寒武纪地层广泛出露,包括上溪群和溪口群,其中上溪群羊栈岭组中段岩性以泥岩、粉砂岩和细砂岩等细碎屑岩为主,并含有多套砾岩层。通过对绩溪县杨溪镇和东至县葛公镇剖面羊栈岭组中段细碎屑岩的地球化学分析,发现羊栈岭组中段样品具有相对较高的Al₂O₃/TiO₂比值（21.57）、较高的LREE/HREE比值（6.98）和明显的负Eu异常（0.71）,在TiO₂和Al₂O₃二元图解、Zr和TiO₂二元图解及La/Th-Hf二元图解中,大多数样品落入长英质物源区中。表明它们的物源以长英质岩石为主。此外,反映源区风化程度的参数CIA、CIW和PIA值均较低,平均值分别为71.6、75.4和71.2,分别低于PAAS的76.4、82.7和79.0,表明源区的风化程度较低。将样品的地球化学特征和皖南新元古代岩体和火山岩进行比较,发现它们具有亲缘性,结合其它岩石学和地层学证据认为这些岩体和火山岩为沉积物提供了重要的物源。在主量元素判别图中,样品主要落入活动大陆边缘区并受大陆岛弧的影响,在微量元素构造背景判别图中,样品均落入大陆岛弧区。此外,样品的各种REE元素特征值属于大陆岛弧来源的沉积物的范围,同时又与活动大陆边缘沉积物相近,指示羊栈岭组中段可能代表了一套活动大陆边缘的弧后盆地沉积。而羊栈岭组中段作为一次完整的海侵-海退序列中的一部分可以代表整个上溪群形成的构造背景。  相似文献   

商河油田古近系碎屑岩储层及同沉积断层对其控制作用     

牵尊芝  杨志军  纪友亮  李亚辉  王思文  康云  张竹林 《海洋地质译丛》2010,(3):34-41

商河地区为自北向南成明显阶梯状分布的多级构造调节带及多级坡折带,受其构造特征影响,储层特征也表现出明显的规律性。通过对商河地区大量储层物性数据的统计,结合镜下薄片观察发现商河油田具有同一层位,自北向南,商一区、商二区、商三区、商四区储层物性依次变差的特点;而对于同一地区,整体上自上向下随深度增加储层物性逐渐变差;同一层位不同沉积微相的储层具有不同的物性特征,三角洲前缘河口坝砂体储层物性最好,水下分支河道较好,而远砂坝、席状砂砂体储层物性相对较差。经综合研究分析认为储层特征主要受沉积相及成岩作用共同影响,储层成岩作用主要受地层埋深的影响,而由于商河地区的分界大断层主要为同沉积断层,地层厚度和沉积相分布主要受同生断层活动的影响,因此构造作用的同沉积断层是商河地区储层物性的主要控制因素。  相似文献   

Enigmatic clastic pipe swarms and implications for fluidization dynamics in aeolian deposits     

Marjorie A. Chan  Stephen T. Hasiotis  Judith T. Parrish 《Sedimentology》2019,66(2):513-535

Soft‐sediment deformation of contorted and massive sandstone is common throughout much of the siliciclastic record, but clastic pipes represent a distinctive class of pressurized synsedimentary features. Remarkable centimetre to metre‐scale clastic pipe exposures in the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone of Utah (USA) establish a range of pipe sizes, expressions and relationships to the host rock in an erg margin setting, traditionally thought to be just a dry desert system. In particular, the field and laboratory characterizations of cylindrical pipes show internal concentric, annular rings that imply water fluidization, with alignment of long grain axes due to shear flow along pipe margins. Central interior parts of decimetre‐scale pipes appear massive in plan view, but display weakly developed pseudobedding from post‐pressure release, gravitational settling in the cross‐sectional view. Deformation features of conjugate fractures, ring faults, hypotrochoid patterns (geometric arcs and circles) and breccia in the host material reflect both brittle and ductile behaviour in response to the fluidization and injection of the clastic pipes. The stratigraphic context of individual pipes and the stratabound intervals of pipe features imply dynamic deformation nearly coincident with deposition in this Early Jurassic aeolian system related to multiple factors of groundwater expulsion, timing and local host sediment properties that influenced pipe development. Although the pipe features might be easily overlooked as a smaller scale feature of soft‐sediment deformation in dune deposits, these are valuable environmental indications of disrupted fluid pathways within porous, reservoir quality sands, associated with possible combinations of periodic springs, high water‐table conditions and strong ground‐motion events. These pipe examples may be important analogues where exposures are not so clear, with applications to diverse modern and ancient clastic settings internationally on Earth as well as in planetary explorations such as on Mars.  相似文献   

广西碎屑岩地区电法找水实例     

黄国民  李世平  陶毅  杨承丰  曾庆仕 《物探与化探》2019,(1):77-83

据统计,"十二五"期间,广西抗旱找水成井1 747口,电法在岩溶地区找水成功率为75%,在碎屑岩地区为10%,两者成井率相差较大。碎屑岩地区与岩溶地区地层岩性、水文地质条件明显不同,是电法找水效果差异大的主要内因。碎屑岩地区地层岩性主要以泥类岩、砂类岩和砾岩为主,其中泥类岩、砂类岩中的粉砂岩、细砂岩地层含水条件差,该类岩层属低阻岩层,是电法找水干扰层,不是目标层;砂类岩中的粗砂岩和砾岩层属硬脆性岩层,在应力作用下易形成裂隙含水,该类岩层属中高阻岩层,是电法找水主要目标层;此外,碎屑岩地区岩相显著变化的层面上层理裂隙较发育,富含地下水,也是电法找水的主要目标。通过实例分析,总结碎屑岩地区电法找水经验,供今后碎屑岩地区电法找水提供参考。  相似文献   

水力压裂技术对江西相山热液铀矿成因的启示     

张万良  李子颖  阙足双  林锦荣 《现代地质》2017,31(3):521

水力压裂技术是页岩气开采的关键技术,水力压裂技术对江西相山热液铀矿成因研究提供了重要启示。华南相山矿田火山侵入岩浆活动频繁,在不同类型的侵入岩成岩的晚期发生了明显的隐爆作用,产于相山火山侵入杂岩体中的热液铀矿床,铀等成矿物质主要来源于火山侵入杂岩本身,铀的搬运主要是以碳酸铀酰络合物形式沿隐爆裂隙进行,铀的沉淀是隐爆地震发生后的降压作用引起的,隐爆碎屑岩是主要的成矿地质体,水力压裂是铀成矿的动力学机制,铀矿化是隐爆作用的必然产物。  相似文献   

渤中坳陷石臼陀凸起东段幔源CO₂充注对储集层粘土矿物的影响     

王清斌  臧春艳  朱文森  赵国祥  袁志刚  冯冲 《岩石矿物学杂志》2012,31(5):674-680

探讨了渤中坳陷石臼陀凸起东段CO2来源及CO2充注对储层粘土矿物的影响.研究表明,CO2中δ13C组成较重,R/Ra值较大,CO2为幔源成因;控盆的深大断裂是CO2的主要运移通道;CO2热流体晚期充注对砂岩储集层粘土矿物产生了明显的影响:CO2热流体侵位后形成的热波动效应加快了储集层中伊蒙混层粘土的演化,含CO2储集层中伊蒙混层中蒙脱石含量要比同深度的泥岩低15％ ～30％;CO2热流体晚期侵入加剧了长石的溶蚀作用,长石溶蚀促进了自生高岭石的大量形成;CO2热流体侵位后形成的偏酸性环境抑制伊利石生长,促进了其他粘土矿物向高岭石转化;含CO2储集层以少见的高自生高岭石、低伊利石为特征,这对储层物性改善起到了决定性的影响.  相似文献   

Dating of detrital zircons from the Dabure clastic rocks: the discovery of Neoproterozoic strata in southern Qiangtang,Tibet     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(2):216-227

ABSTRACT

This article reports the results of field mapping and the petrology of clastic rocks in the Dabure area, southern Qiangtang, Tibet, together with the results of U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from these rocks. The Dabure clastic rocks are characterized by low compositional and textural maturity, and they have been affected by lower greenschist facies metamorphism. The deposits exhibit the typical features of turbidites. Altogether, 279 detrital zircons were selected for U–Pb dating, and the ages fall into five groups: 550–650, ~800, 900–1100, 1600–1800, and 2300–2500 Ma. In general, the ages of the detrital zircons that are older than ~550 Ma are similar to those found elsewhere in the southern Qiangtang and Himalayan terranes. The most reliable youngest age of a detrital zircon from the Dabure clastic rocks is ~550 Ma. In the southern part of the Tibet Plateau, strata with the same ages and lithologies as the Dabure clastic rocks are widespread, especially in the Himalayan terrane. Combining our data with previous work on the basalts in the Dabure area (the Dabure basalts), we tentatively suggest that the Dabure clastic rocks represent the late Ediacaran (~550 Ma) sedimentary record for the Qiangtang terrane, and that before the late Neoproterozoic the southern Qiangtang terrane was possibly connected to the Himalayan terrane.  相似文献   

Synorogenic alluvial-fan – fan-delta deposition in the Papuan foreland basin: Plio-Pleistocene Era Formation,Papua New Guinea     

R. D. Winn Jr  P. Pousai 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):507-523

The Pliocene to possibly Pleistocene uppermost Orubadi and Era Formations, southwest margin of the Papuan Peninsula, are interpreted as having been deposited in alluvial-fan, fan-delta and shallow-marine environments. The alluvial-fan facies consists primarily of lenticular, coarse-grained conglomerate (up to 2 m boulders) and cross-bedded and horizontally laminated sandstone. Conglomerate and sandstone were deposited in shallow fluvial channels and by overbank sheetfloods. The facies also contains thick mudflow diamictite and minor tuff and terrestrial mudstone. The shallow-marine and fan-delta facies, in contrast, consists of heterogeneously interbedded marine and terrestrial mudstone, sandstone, diamictite, conglomerate and limestone. Marine mudstone is calcareous, sandy, bioturbated, and contains marine shells. Limestone is mostly packstone that has a varied, open-marine fauna. Rare coral boundstone is also present. Marine sandstone is burrowed to bioturbated and is hummocky cross-stratified in places. Some marine mudstone contains sandstone pillows formed by loading of unconsolidated sand by storm waves. Other sandstone in the fan-delta facies is cross-bedded, lacks shells and was probably deposited by fluvial processes. Several conglomerate beds in the fan-delta facies are well sorted and imbricated and were also deposited by stream floods. The synorogenic Orubadi and Era Formations were deposited in a foreland basin formed from loading of the Papuan–Aure Fold and Thrust Belt on the edge of the Australian craton. Deformation in the fold and thrust belt was probably related to docking and compression of the Finisterre Terrane–Bismarck Arc against the New Guinea Orogen. The Era Formation interfingers with the reefal Wedge Hill Limestone in which reef facies likely grew on a deforming anticline. Era Formation siliciclastics were sourced from volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks that were uplifted in the orogen to the northeast. Volcanic sediment was derived mostly from a then-active volcanic arc likely related to southward subduction at the Trobriand Trough.  相似文献